Scharbach Hugues

Title: Attempt to approach epistemologic and étiopathologic basis of borderline state disorders

Abstract

During some years after the second World War, the population of psychiatric hospital got big transformation, notably in EUROP. We don’t forget, that it has been decimated by the food restriction and a known a sad existence during years. Major changes were to occur.

OBJECTIVE: The old nosology and the treatment linked became obsolescent. Mental disorders were subject to such rigid classification that it allowed the creation of closed units dedicated to them, with little hope of therapeutic progress, the focus being either on rendering their delusions ineffective or on using them for manual work according to their abilities

The discover by P. DENIKER of the D.P.L, including notably the chlopromazine dès 1962 -premier neuroleptique à vertu antipsychotique – should modify many structural aspects in the frame of cares and even in the organization and in the arrangements of the psychiatric hospital, implying exchanges with the extern society.

That’s a few years later – under 50 years old – that appeared a new implementation and that a raw and intensively emotional creativity was supposed to emerge as an event. The conceptual and even emotional changing could arise keen interest from doctors steeped in new theories and elaborations based notably on the authentic constatations according to the works of JUNG and S. FREUD and their epigones. May be E. BREUER could be a little bit considered also as basic in this field.

METHODOLOGY: Patients of HEIDELBERG’s hospital in GERMANY as well as these of BERN-WALDAU (SWITZERLAND) could appear incredible taking in account their previous troubles and now concerning their new status. They get notably the help of N. SIEGBOLD, H. PRINZHORN – who should gather, expose and realize a collection of their works. His publication named: “Bildnerei des GEISTESKRANKEN als KUNSTLER is become famous. And in BERN-WALDAU, the works of Adolf WÖLFLi reached also good impression with his strange paintings.

In BERLIN,” FRIEDRICH der EINZIGE” was particularly becoming famous among painters in the &çth century..

In FRANCE, in the center of SAINTE-ANNE’s hospital, Pr J. DELAY: who was President of our these in the middle on the sisties, created a workshop and permit the holding of a world congress, which was followed up.

After a rapid progression in my medical studies and stages, becoming also M.D., able to created also such a workshop in our service – taking part sometimes ourself - , we were able with the works of our patients, surprised to discover a successful new freedom and the real mental resources by them. In that context, who were able to obtain exciting paintings and to write a compilation of that notable work and to propose explanation. ( Arts and Madness) , illustrated by a awesome front page ).

RESULTS: Exceptional works arise due to their involvement in the author’s insight, freed from etiopathogenic, epigenetic weighing, as well as external, social or pharmacodynamic inhibitions, intended to plug the morbid expression of disorder in both drive and emotional regulation. But that was in this context that the forces of the ego obtain a particular pertinence and become capable of creating and, in this regard, we can mention among many other contributors to Singular Art, besides subjects who have experienced psychotic phases, Camille CLAUDEL, who appears as a demonstrative case. other contributors to Singular Art, besides subjects who have experienced psychotic phases, others other brilliant designers, such as Frida KAHLO in painting, in the who let their crudest fantasies being expressed. Her works arise due to their involvement in the author’s insight, in both drive and emotional regulation. It is in this context that the forces of the ego become capable of creating and, in this regard, we can mention among many other contributors to Singular Art and transcendental modern arts.

-In the literature Antonin ARTAUD, who was conflictual about the treatment of the psychiatric hospital doctor, who had imposed electro-therapies on him shocks and even drive legal claim.

In other field, Louis WOLFSON, who changed the language of expression in his writings and many other different writers who let their original fantasies be expressed, in works very difficult to realize in the common.

It’s real that Art, in its various translations, avenges life.

-It can be exonerated as it can reduce the most trying stresses. exceptional, besides subjects who have experienced psychotic phases, others other brilliant designers, in the who let their crudest fantasies being expressed.

Among them, It’s in this context that the forces of the ego become capable of creating.

Art Brut -Taw Art share interrelationships throuh their  rejection of conventions and their priority given to subjective emotion and raw expression. Nevertheless, they differ in their origins and contexts.

-Expressionism appears around 1910 and refers notaby to the paintings from V. Van GOGH  and from E. MUNCH. We have a work , realized by an anxious patient, very similar concerning the famous "Cry". It the same manner, concerning "Art Nouveau" and the libertarian movement, which can be translated or expressed in different ways.                                                                                                                                                         

 - For instance, many writers who let their crudest fantasies be expressed, in works as famous as that of SADE or J. GENET or other no conformists or even marginal as ERVE, who wrote homeless or even authors exploring marginal, rebellious or even provocative themes in their works… able to use papers as well as movies, as Pier Paolo Pasolini.                                                                                                                                                              

Some have been becoming famous concerning the complexity of their geographic tracks . We can cite as well Jack KEROUAC on the road or Arthur RIMBAUD, who was unconsciously linked to the symbolic path of his father, who escaped from his family, working as a captain in the army on the roads of AFRICA.

Literature, paintings, sculpture, clay, music, dance, others Works and the different Shapes of ARTS, including shaping earth, notably clay as a guide.

“Many contributions to Arts Therapy are appearing increasingly frequent In BEIRUT (LEBANON), women, who have been traumatized by the explosion in the harbor found that working with clay was a more effective therapeutic solution than taking benzodiazepines. Anxiety dissipates more readily in the resources provides by the creative activity.”

In the context of 7 th Art, art – therapy may be interesting to highlight psychopathological issues and to improve well-being, through film or video production, encouraging self-awereness and foster social connection, for instance helped by dance and music.

Weaving can lead to the creation of many shapes of work. It is the same with the weaving of the framework of paintings, which will receive the guiding lines, their curves…And so many…I.A. may also bring so much, which is the case in the application in al-driven programs in the context of the treatment of post-traumatic disorder.

As we have mention about the women of BEIRUT, one of the mean help them express their emotions and strengthen the neural pathways promoting healing.

All that should appear weighing, as well as external, social or pharmacodynamic inhibitions, intended to plug the morbid expression of certain disorders in both drive and emotional regulation become outside. It is in this context that the forces of the ego and of its narcissistic support: the Self, get the capacity of creating and, in this regard, we can mention among many other contributors to Singular Art, which known an extension with but also surrealism, symbolism, expressionism, and even particular wiener G.KLIMT. And abilities and at all stages of life.